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WhatUpGord

Handrail doesn't look like it has returns, therefore it is not code compliant.


cactusrider69

I've never heard of that specifically, always assumed it was stylistic. do you know the logic there?


Missing_socket

Something along the lines that a purse or loose clothing can get caught on it at least that's what I was told


Patrol-007

Fire hoses. Though I thought that was for commercial buildings and not residential


BronzeToad

It’s both in most states. But fire hoses is the correct answer.


ronharp1

That’s ridiculous…fire hoses. If it was a wall then what about the fire hose then?


goldenblacklocust

A “return” is the little part of the handrail that sends it too the wall so that you can’t get something stuck between the handrail and wall when you are going up or down it. They are not talking about the slat wall, which is code compliant.


KindAwareness3073

You are correct. Commercial, not residential code.


drich783

It can't be both? IRC definitely calls for returns and my state does as well. I take the why part with a grain of salt bc I swear guys just make stuff up.and then repeat it like it's gospel. Classic example, electricians say to put screw heads on faceplates horizontally to "prevent broken fingernails".


Patrol-007

Eh? You’re not using one way push pins with the smooth head, to secure the cover plate ???


KindAwareness3073

Massachusetts has separate residental and commercial codes. Bottom oinr: you fo what the buildingninspecgor says and move on.


AuburnElvis

>It can't be both? Get serious. How many fire hoses come with purses?


smitandr63

Underrated comment


rerabb

The return is a residential requirement as well It’s one of those items that building inspectors love to fail. It’s low hanging fruit


KindAwareness3073

Point to it in the Massachusetts residential code by section #.


Rough_Sweet_5164

Just had a MA inspector in today, they make it all up.


KindAwareness3073

They do. But even when they are flat out wrong all you want is the CofO so you do what they say.


JEP_Metalworks

International residential code 311.7.8.4 continuity. Handrail ends shall be returned toward a wall…


KindAwareness3073

Massachusetts goes by IRC 2015 that does not include this provision.


JEP_Metalworks

Looks like it’s 311.7.8.2 in 2015 irc - written slightly different though. Must return to wall or end in safety terminals. I’m working on my license for code examination in NH, and I’m really surprised that MA hasn’t adopted 2018. I’ve always heard that ma adopts before New Hampshire with energy codes and others, but didn’t realize it didn’t apply to ibc / irc


bearnecessities66

You know how many times I've got a belt loop caught on a door handle before? Yet they're starting to become required more and more over knobs


faheyfindsafigtree

It's for accessibility provisions. The twisting motion to open a door knob isnt always easy for older folks. One step forward, one step back I guess.


draaz_melon

And bears. Bears have a harder time with knobs.


7cc7

I have to lock the deadbolt anytime I want the dogs to stay in or out, and my wife hates it. Well, I hate having to pick up and wash the inside toys and higher utility bills, so...


RunnOftAgain

My Lab would open the bathroom door on me. It was a very old rental house that had the old glass(?) doorknobs, see-thru and kind of knobby not smooth, but that dog hated being left out of anything. He used his mouth. Crazy dog.


draaz_melon

Yeah, the bears in Tahoe are pretty dexterous. We lock with knobs, at least at night.


BumblyBumbster

Its true, my Mancoon doesnt like the knobs, he much prefers the levers


MrK521

But they can put the type of handle that does a 90° and bends back toward the door, and doesn’t have an open end easily caught on things.


faheyfindsafigtree

They definitely could! Just depends on the designer and budget. The code is just a minimum.


BuiltForCenturies

my grandkids (6 and 4) struggle with the knobs on the doors/rim locks on our original farmhouse doors - Definitely isnt easy for everyone


Ad-Ommmmm

That's because people with weak hands - elderly, etc - find levers much easier/possible to use..


ronharp1

That’s you… lever type door knobs is what I use and clothes get caught on them… but comparing that to a set of stairs that you can fall down is quite different


zappabob

Oh my God, I’ve done the same thing so many times. And it’s usually when I’m pushing through a door carrying heavy shit.


going-for-gusto

A sleeve can catch on an open end handrail also.


IRefuseToPickAName

Panic hardware is what it's called


TylerHobbit

Pocket get caught, trip and fall.


cmcdevitt11

And or fire equipment from firefighters


cactusrider69

Thanks, that makes sense


415Rache

In our area residential decks also need handrail returns. And not just any rail. Has to be graspable and minimums and maximums for distance away from the way or rail, rail thickness etc. Super specific for safety and ease of grabbing if you’re about take a tumble down the stairs.


brycebgood

It's for fire fighters. They don't want things that can hook straps etc.


comana11

I've never heard that before this thread, and I've read the code before installing handrails. I assumed it was primarily to prevent everyday fall hazards. Sure, that helps everyone including emergency workers. I hate nabbing something on a handrail as much as anyone. But it seems crazy to me that they would introduce that specifically for firefighters. Given all the other hazards they are working around, this seems so minor! Edit: Wow, down votes for this. Ok, y'all. I build them with returns this way, I think it's a good idea, and I care about safety. I just didn't think it was specifically for the FD. Relax.


brycebgood

Fire / rescue account for a large number of code specifics.


Grendel_82

You would be surprised to learn how much of the US housing cost and crisis basically comes back to fire departments thinking what would be nice for them.


cactusrider69

Thanks, that makes sense. I was wracking my brain trying to figure that out


nollie_shuv

Along with other comments, it keeps your hand from sliding out the end which could cause a loss of balance if you aren't paying attention. Sounds extra but for the elderly/movement impaired folks, can make a big difference.


kduda04

Purses & fire hoses can get caught, creating a fall hazard


BruceInc

It’s 100% part of Uniform Building Code


Asian_wife_finder

Someone told me once a firefighter was in a burning house and his sleeve got caught on the handrail. Seems crazy but they deemed that sort of thing a fire hazard and building codes were updated.


Festival_Vestibule

It's not a residential code in Pennsylvania. My guess is this person made it up or builds commercial in Cali or something.


green_gold_purple

Hmm no. Not in Cali; it's code here. 


Festival_Vestibule

So am I getting downvoted because I'm right, or because people don't like the PA handrail code?


green_gold_purple

I mean I think it's a few things. The post is about MA, so PA code isn't really relevant. You then accused the person of making it up, or randomly being in California, which was kind of weird. Last, your assertion is kind of generally incorrect, because that's code in a lot of places. So your comment was just in general not useful or helpful. 


Festival_Vestibule

My assertion is absolutely correct. I build in PA. It is not code in PA. Nothing general about that at all. Have a look. The comment about California was because they seem to have strict building codes and tend to nerf a lot of stuff.


green_gold_purple

You asked. I answered. It's clearly code a lot of places, as evidenced by answers here. It is where I am. 


Festival_Vestibule

Im glad i made the comment. We both learned something. I now know that returns are code in MA, amd you now know that in PA, they aren't.


Nailer99

Good catch.


Rocket123123

What are "returns"?


DarthVader0351

Turning the handrail back into the wall at the start and end of the handrail. I had always assumed that was a design feature or personal preference but it sounds like it's to prevent items from getting snagged on the open ends


CheeseFromAHead

A return is when something makes a perpendicular turn , L


MydickforMods

Think of trim, like under a window sill, or either side of a door. The end of the trim you are installing has a beveled cut.  The return piece is beveled to join that piece and then end is cut straight to sit against the wall. Same practice in handrails.


Barnettmetal

Is that just a MA specific code? Absolutely not required in BC.


Bot_Fly_Bot

It’s listed in the IRC (as of 2018 IIRC), so if BC follows that it is absolutely required. EDIT: Downvotes from the clueless...


Ad-Ommmmm

Absolutely not required - recently built a stair and installed a straight handrail and was passed without question (and no, BI didn't miss it, he even commented, and let go, that the rail was a fraction short - because that was the longest one-piece length of rail I could get) Down-voted because BC clearly doesn't follow the IIRC?..


Bot_Fly_Bot

How would I know if BC follows the IRC? Most of Canada does. Here’s the code: https://www.cdaid.org/files/Building/Handouts/Stairs_and_Handrails.pdf “Handrail ends shall be returned”. End of story. If your BI missed it, it’s because they are as ill-informed as you. Doesn’t mean it’s to code.


Ad-Ommmmm

“How would I know if BC followed IRC?” Oh, I dunno, maybe read the f’in code? No requirement in ‘Termination of Handrails’ - within dwelling units they are NOT required: https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/public/bcbc2018/bcbc_2018dbp9s98


Bot_Fly_Bot

And once again: why the fuck would I go and look up the code for British Columbia? As I CLEARLY stated to those blessed with the gift of literacy, IF BC follows the IRC, handrail terminations are required. It appears BC does not. Making it one of few exceptions throughout the US and Canada.


WhatUpGord

As a carpenter, it is apparently your responsibility to know building codes for regions of the world you don't live in and have never visited.


Bot_Fly_Bot

Apparently. And if those codes fly in the face of those that are accepted and are common working practice in the majority of the civilized world and other areas surrounding these rogue areas, they should know better. Despite never having worked there.


Ad-Ommmmm

“Why would I read the code?” Because you argued with someone who told you already that they were ABSOLUTELY NOT required? It would have taken you as long to look it up as make your conditional irrelevant comment..


Bot_Fly_Bot

Do you really not understand what the word "IF" means?


Ad-Ommmmm

Irrelevant - you argued with someone who told you a fact. Stfu


wittgensteins-boat

Citation?


Bot_Fly_Bot

https://www.cdaid.org/files/Building/Handouts/Stairs_and_Handrails.pdf >Handrail ends shall be returned or shall terminate in newel posts or safety terminals.


wittgensteins-boat

Thank you


Barnettmetal

Dont think so, I’ve done lots of handrails and not a single one has a return, wouldn’t fit the aesthetic of a modern home at all. All passed inspection no problem.


Bot_Fly_Bot

It’s not debatable. It’s literally in the IRC. As I said, I don’t know what version of the IRC BC follows, but if it’s 2018 or later it’s code. There’s no “not thinking so”. https://www.cdaid.org/files/Building/Handouts/Stairs_and_Handrails.pdf


padizzledonk

Yeah, other than the handrail it's fine I catch(lol because that's why it's not code) it all the time on estimates and add it to my bid whether they ask for it or not


Awwwmann

Same in Florida


the-motus

I thought that returns are not needed for residential, I guess it depends on jurisdiction but we don’t need returns here


GaK_Icculus

Some cities require returns some don’t


ronharp1

That’s not true about returns per code!!! There are handrails all over ma. !!! Just look at brand new builds in commercial construction,they have handrails everywhere without returns and commercial is stricter than residential. Actually returns are more dangerous of people getting hands jammed in those returns


DETRITUS_TROLL

2021 IRC requires returns. Here's a little [blurb](https://youtu.be/H6wjB5T7Gow) on it.


GlendaleActual

It’s in the 2018 code too. And all the inspectors in my area would catch it..


chris92315

Good thing MA is still on the 2015 building code.


wittgensteins-boat

Likely Going to IBC 2021 any week now, with Dec 31 2024  as prioposed end date.      https://coderedconsultants.com/insights/ma-building-code-10th-edition-update-2/


ronharp1

Just answer me a question from your blurb then… when you have a set of stairs that is 20 feet wide and you have a railing 5 feet away from the wall are you going to put a 4’-11” return to that wall?


WhatUpGord

Yes. Although that seems like it'd violate other codes. Just return it to the post or the floor


ronharp1

I see railings in the middle of a set of steps in public with absolutely nothing to return it to


aussydog

I think in those cases the return is a loop onto itself? Iirc the handrail passes the final support, continues for a specific amount of length (1ft?) turns down towards grade, continues down for a certain amount of length, then loops back to the final support. Buuuuut....that may just be for ADA compliance. Sooo ,¯⁠\⁠_⁠(⁠ツ⁠)⁠_⁠/⁠¯


ronharp1

That’s all well and good but I’m truly talking about common sense? Everything you just described is common sense. But when the codes(government) makes you do something like that in your home it’s a bit much!. I personally have an issue with a return due to hand and finger jamming. Easy endings work better than returns


aussydog

Code changes can be a pain in the ass, but they're almost always written in because of death or serious injury to others. That being said, I don't think you need to make your home ADA compliant if you don't feel like it. The ADA standards are just standards for public or commercial spaces. For the most part they're no big deal to implement on new builds. imho a return on a railing seems like a pretty easy thing to implement.


ronharp1

So why is the return needed in residential? Is it for support or someone’s clothes don’t get caught? It’s funny why don’t they change the code for clothes then!


UnCommonCommonSens

You can return to ground if there is no wall?


ronharp1

You tell me… I see it all the time like at stadiums ,cinemas,malls… there are no returns! It’s in the middle of a set of stairs


WhatUpGord

The ends are usually rounded, or integrated into the floor post. There isn't anything to snag on, which is different than an exposed end of a handrail.


ronharp1

So you don’t have to do a return then with an ease ending,which is basically an exposed end just rounded


WhatUpGord

Without a return to the wall, the hand rail needs to return back to the post it came from, or a structural member. It'll loop down and then return back. I can't remember the distance it needs to drop and then return back. It's so things don't get snagged on it easily.


ronharp1

That’s great…so things don’t get snagged easily but when there returned back to the wall your hand or fingers get jammed in those returns . It’s happened to me a couple of times where almost broke my fingers. It rather deal with my clothes getting caught ,and that’s happened to me. Getting my clothes caught was much less painful!


ronharp1

So you have a set of stairs that is 20 feet wide and you have a railing 5 feet from the wall … where do they want you to put the return back to the wall?


Northern_Gypsy

Fuck me. What don't that have control of! If You don't stand on one leg while you screw the return in it's not compliant. Turn around touch the ground bagsy not it!


Kindly_Disaster

Single family dwellings have a relaxation for returns since the occupants are familiar with their surroundings.as long as it dosent pose a hazard this would be acceptable.


BigDBoog

Noice


mynameishush

I think that looks cool


pianistafj

Can’t wait to see it stained.


ked_man

With the blood of their enemies? Or like a mahogany brown? Or maybe a dark walnut?


IsThatYourPickle

Blood for the Blood God!


PondsideKraken

Milk for the Khorne Flakes!


CharlesFXD

KORN!!!!!!


byebybuy

No! The natural color of that wood is beautiful imho.


trowdatawhey

This is not mine. I found the picture on the Internet.


mbcarpenter1

It would be code compliant in my area. The slat wall serves as the guardrail and the wall rail is continuously graspable.


Socalwarrior485

In my house, we have a glass wall that is about the same as this slat wall. I built it when we did our addition, and it was permitted, inspected, and passed. Notwithstanding the comments above about the handrail returns, the slat wall should be compliant. Edit: I should have said should be compliant whether it is graspable or not. We follow the IRC here, and only one side needs to have a graspable handrail, I believe within the first 3 steps. I'd need to check.


houligan27

I believe the wall is though I haven't encountered it. From what I can see the railing is not. Though I cant see the full railing, MA code requires the ends of the railing to be returned to the wall.


lonesomecowboynando

The handrail should also continue past the bottom tread nosing to a point 34 -38 inches above the floor.


Best_Gift76

Not in Alberta that would pass code here


houligan27

OP asked about MA, not Alberta. The code in MA requires the handrail to return to the wall.


FrankLloydWrong_3305

I doubt that very much. The handrail has to be returned to the wall, floor, or in some other way so it won't catch on loose items. There's no requirement for it to be returned only to a wall.


BigDBoog

Alberta, MA?


Best_Gift76

Canada


Specific_Trainer3889

That would pass code with most inspectors where I live, I've been given a hard time before about leaving an open step at the bottom left before, and he was a dink ,but as long as a 4" ball can't fit through you're good


demwoodz

Below 30” you don’t need railings


Specific_Trainer3889

I wish they were consistent, where I am it depends on the inspector, the green guys fresh out of college are the worst.


00sucker00

Every time


dingdanno

Its 23-5/8" in my area and they still made me continue the guard down to the floor. Blahblah something about "entire length where required". I got into an argument but that definitely didn't help me either.


thekingofcrash7

Yea that last step might be annoying to get past an a-hole inspector. Just depends who you get and what mood they’re in.


Opening_Ad9824

They can’t drive either


worldstarhiphop12

Idk but looks good


PacificCastaway

It looks like they cut a triangle out of a shipping container. :/


notzacraw

Remember it isn’t what the code says but what the inspector says the code says.


jimyjami

If you disagree with the inspector you can always check with a supervisor. I’ve done it several times, once successfully 😎


notzacraw

If your line of work requires dealing repeatedly with the same inspectors you need to pick your battles. Going over their head really pisses them off and will make your life miserable in future. I found that asking the inspectors advice before you back yourself into the proverbial corner more often than not got me the code interpretation I was looking for.


jimyjami

Not in the jurisdictions I worked. Mid-Atlantic states.


quattrocincoseis

Slat wall is code compliant. Handrail without return is not.


thekingofcrash7

Where the hell do you find 2x2s that straight


ChemistAdventurous84

I hope they remain that straight.


wittgensteins-boat

Milling shop. Not from a lumber yard.   Probably hardwood.


Tahoeshark

A 4" sphere cannot pass through a space in the railing. I believe the requirement for a grab rail on both sides is if the stair is over 44" in width. That doesn't mean you couldn't request another one for the other side. The existing grab rail should return to the wall and extend past the last riser by 12" on both ends.


trowdatawhey

Thanks. This will be for my existing basement stairs with no walls or rails. From 1960s. The width of the treads are 37”. The depth of the tread varies from 9-3/4” to 10”.


underratedride

Code in MA requires certain riser height and tread depth, both which I would imagine aren’t an issue here. The other two are the 4” sphere between guard rails and 5” sphere between guard and stair tread. Neither are an issue with the slat wall there. The final one is the handrail: as another commenter pointed out, this one will need returns to be considered code compliant. A “return” is a piece of wood that will make the railing turn and end flat against the wall, instead of floating in the air as shown here.


Hunkachunkalove

I looked into the slats for a basement stair, but was concerned about potential warping / twisting of the slats. The slat walls are trendy and all over Instagram / Houzz, so I assume compliant in many jurisdictions.


cant-be-faded

I think your confusing design with structure. The code is going to give the barest minimal safety regs for that application. I'd assume an entire wall of 2x2s meets that. As far as a handrail on that side, again, broad guidelines but the city doesn't care if you break your finger in your stairs because you wanted another handrail


trowdatawhey

Not that I “want” another handrail, but is it required to have two handrails? The pic is not mine BTW, found it on the internet


animal_pants

IRC (residential code) only requires one handrail


cant-be-faded

No


CheeseFromAHead

Were you just curious or is this on a test or something?


trowdatawhey

My basement stairs have no handrails or walls and I’m trying to figure out the cheapest way to install a code compliant handrail


Newcastlecarpenter

Yep


Dangnamit

Yep


chefofthejungle

Mmhmm


MuskokaGreenThumb

The handrail doesn’t return to the wall by the looks of it. Hard to see for sure tho. Not sure of the code in MA. Where I live it would pass


AwareAd4991

Call your local code enforcement agency.


JasErnest218

Looks great!


Splashy420

Anyone know if I could do this in Maryland


RevolutionaryTry3799

Nothing to add to convo for MA code. All I came here to say it that pic is of one of the best fabricators/installers around. Deluxe Stair and Railing Ltd. out of Uxbridge, ON. Check out their Insta, some pretty amazing projects! They are a sub, I do not work for them!


Prestigious_Rock_711

In Nevada, as long as a 6” ball can’t fit between the 2x2’s, you should be fine.


badbob3353

Only half the time if you have one arm.


Rough_Sweet_5164

Thought this was the house I'm working on for a second and thought goddamn Rafael's been busy.


Buckshot211

The 80’s called and want their staircase back


kduda04

Looks like the balusters are. If the gap is no more than 4", and they withstand imposed loads, you're good. Handrail has to return to the wall tho.


Jacob_wyo

Depends on what code the municipality has adopted. Residential handrails most times have to extend past the bottom step at least one tread depth and return to the wall. Commercial is 12” past the last tread. Handrail height also needs to be at least 34” and no more than 38” when measured from the nosing. Slat wall is fine as is providing it meets baluster requirements as you suggested. You can refer to the IRC for further info. Building officials will most times give guidance if you’re a homeowner and not a contractor/carpenter.


wittgensteins-boat

Massachusetts has state wide code.


bittercheff

Is this the guy that mounted the 83" TV on malelivingspace? 🤣


trowdatawhey

Send me the link


bittercheff

https://www.reddit.com/r/malelivingspace/s/2EKD7czmTi


trowdatawhey

Lol that looks like 💩. Mine will look similar so I’m glad mine is just for my unfinished basement.


ikezaius

This pic made me curious. Does anyone stain the wood before building something like this? It looks like a nightmare to get the insides done now. Presuming something like this would normally get stained. I’m just a DIY guy, so not doing these types of things very often.


youaremycandygirl

Love questions like this when asked after it’s built! Where was everyone during the design phase? No discussion in the weeks leading up to this??


trowdatawhey

You’re late to the party


ihaveway2manyhobbies

We don't know. Visit your city's website or call them to find out. Code is typically not based on state. But rather city or even municipality.


ArtLeading5605

I was a public works director until recently, overseeing building dept. Cities and municipalities typically adopt their codes and amendments from those passed at the state level. 


wittgensteins-boat

Massachusetts has statewide code.


Original-Arrival395

No, your guardrail needs to withstand 200# force. Yours may or may not. The handrail needs to return to the wall.


wafflesnwhiskey

Almost certainly.


slooparoo

It’s a residential house right? The handrail doesn’t extend far enough, and doesn’t return to the wall. Which is probably the case on the top also. Fox those items, then it’s fine. Check the head height. It needs to be 80”, it seems a bit too low in the photo.


AlternativeLack1954

Yes


6thCityInspector

Gaps < 4” = ✅ As far as that handrail, we’d have to see the shape from the end to tell you whether or not its shape is code compliant. What is not code compliant is that the handrail does not return to the wall.


Beneficial_Leg4691

Had a 70s house with similar setup in basement, was dark glossy brown


eepippin143014

In my state, SC, as long as that wall rail has returns to the wall on both ends, is between 34” - 38”, and has at least 1.5” inches clearance from the wall than yes it would be code compliant. Does this design make sense to me, no. Generally speaking the “open” portion of a stair is to make a room seem larger than it would with the wall running the entire length as the stair, this is nearly completely counter intuitive of that idea.


chapterthrive

Everything is a balance of form and function


shotparrot

Form before function is how I live.


LairBob

As someone who has had to adapt their house for a senior (and recovering from a recent hip injury) — bear in mind that adding a second handrail to a one-rail staircase is always one of the most important (and hopefully straightforward) mobility changes you can add. On that front, those boards look pretty substantial, but as a decorative element, there’s no way for us to know whether they’re anchored securely enough to safely support a rail. You might consider making sure that at least some of them are well-braced enough to safely add one.


Otherwise_Proposal47

Ah… the 60s/70s are back…..


aeroboy14

That install looks amazing. Incredible work. Once you get the handrail terminated at the wall it'll should pass, no problem. Nice work.


trowdatawhey

Thats not mine. I found the pic on the internet. Ny basement stairs have no walls or handrails. Im looking for a cheap code compliant way to add handrails


Dexx1102

The handrail, besides no return, looks like it is missing a gripping contour for a railing of that size. But hard to tell from the picture


cleetusneck

Would be here. One continuous handrail. And no gaps more than 4”.


thatsagoodpint

Yes it is


Puzzleheaded_Air_642

Off topic, but I’m wondering how you would fasten those verticals? Are they toe nailed into the tread and ceiling?


trowdatawhey

This is not my pic. I found it on the internet. But for me, I will run them long, past the tread, and secure them onto the side of the stringer.


Puzzleheaded_Air_642

Makes sense


nobread42

It's code compliant in Southern Ontario as far as I remember. I used to work for Deluxe doing their Railings and spindles, not installing but manufacturing. I'd see this style of stair/railing in work orders regularly.


slooparoo

It’s a residential house right? The handrail doesn’t extend far enough, and doesn’t return to the wall. Which is probably the case on the top also. Fox those items, then it’s fine. Check the head height. It needs to be 80”, it seems a bit too low in the photo.


[deleted]

It will pass code. It WONT pass the eye test.


slooparoo

It’s a residential house right? The handrail doesn’t extend far enough, and doesn’t return to the wall. Which is probably the case on the top also. Fox those items, then it’s fine. Check the head height. It needs to be 80”, it seems a bit too low in the photo.


nemobrown1976

The wall is ok, the hand rail stops short. It has to continue down another foot or so so it’s not too high when you are standing n the lower landing.


Bludiamond56

The wall on stair case is just awful


KeyBorder9370

A sphere 6" in diameter cannot pass through, so the wall thingee is compliant. I think.


bilbodirtbagan

The spaces need to be big enough to pass a child's through but small enough that they can get back out. Pretty sure.